Susan Williams, Ph.D.

Recent Publications

Waycott, M., C.M. Duarte, T.J.B. Carruthers, R.J. Orth, W.C. Dennison, S. Olyarnik, A. Calladine, J.W. Fourqurean, K.L. Heck, Jr., A.R. Hughes, G.A. Kendrick, W.J. Kenworthy, F.T. Short and S.L. Williams. 2009. Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:12377-12381.

Hughes, A.R., J.J. Stachowicz, and S.L. Williams. 2009. Morphological and physiological variation among seagrass (Zostera marina) genotypes. Oecologia 159:725-737.

Dethier, M.N. and S.L. Williams. 2009. Seasonal stresses shift optimal intertidal algal habitats. Marine Biology 156:555-567.

Stewart, H.L., J.P. Fram, D.C. Reed, S.L. Williams, M.A. Brzezinski, S. MacIntyre, B. Gaylord. 2009. Differences in growth, morphology and tissue C and N of Macrocystis pyrifera within and at the outer edge of a giant kelp forest in California, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 345:101-112.

Hughes, A.R, S.L. Williams, C.M. Duarte, K.L. Heck, Jr., and M. Waycott. 2009. Associations of concern: declining seagrasses and threatened dependent species. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7:242-246.

Williams, S.L., A. Carranza, J. Kunzelman, S. Datta, and K.M. Kuivila. 2009. Effects of the herbicide diuron on cordgrass (Spartina foliosa) reflectance and photosynthesis parameters. Estuaries and Coasts 32:146-157.

Heck, K.L, Jr., T.J.B. Carruthers, C.M. Duarte, A.R. Hughes, G. Kendrick, R.J. Orth, and S. Williams. 2008. Trophic transfers from seagrass meadows subsidize diverse marine and terrestrial consumers. Ecosystems 11:1198-1210.

Nakaoka, M., M. Matsumasa, T. Toyohara and S.L. Williams. 2008. Animals on marine flowers: does the presence of flowering shoots affect mobile epifaunal assemblage in an eelgrass meadow? Marine Biology 153:589-598.

Bracken, M.E.S., S.E. Friberg, C.A. Gonzalez-Dorantes and S.L. Williams. 2008. Functional consequences of realistic biodiversity changes in a marine ecosystem. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 105:924-928.

Fram, J.P., H.L. Stewart, M.A. Brzezinski, B. Gaylord, D.C. Reed, S.L. Williams, S. MacIntyre. 2008. Physical pathways and utilization of nitrate supply to the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera. Limnology and Oceanography 53:1589-1603.

Williams, S.L. and E.D. Grosholz. 2008. The invasive species challenge in estuarine and coastal environments: marrying management and science. The H.T. Odum Synthesis Essay (invited). Estuaries and Coasts 31:3-20.

Williams, S.L. 2007. Introduced species in seagrass ecosystems: status and concerns. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 350:89-110. (invited review)

Williams, S.L. and J.E. Smith. 2007. A global review of the distribution, taxonomy, and ecological effects of introduced seaweeds. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 38:327-259. (invited review)

Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 2007. Mass transfer limitation of photosynthesis of coral reef algal turfs. Online First, DOI 10.1007/s00227-006-0465-3.

Orth, J.J., T.J.B. Carruthers, W.C. Dennison, C.M. Duarte, J.M. Fourqurean, K.L. Heck, Jr., A.R. Hughes, G.A. Kendrick, W.J. Kenworthy, S. Olyarnik, F.T. Short, M. Waycott, and S.L. Williams. 2006. A global crisis for seagrass ecosystems. BioScience 56:987-996.

Lodge, D.M., S. Williams, H. MacIsaac, K. Hayes, B. Leung, S. Reichard, R.N. Mack, P.B. Moyle, M. Smith, D.A. Andow, J.T. Carlton, and A. McMichael. 2006. Biological invasions: recommendations for U.S. policy and management. Ecological Applications 16:2035-2054.

Harley, C., A.R. Hughes, K. Hultgren, B. Miner, C. Sorte, C. Thornber, L. Rodriguez, L. Tomanek, and S. Williams. 2005. The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems. Ecology Letters 9:228-241. 

Williams, S.L., T.E. Ebert and B.J. Allen. 2005. Does the recruitment of a non-native mussel into native eelgrass habitat explain the disjunct adult distributions? Diversity and Distributions 11:409-416.

Williams, S.L. and M.N. Dethier. 2005. High and dry: variation in net photosynthesis by the intertidal seaweed, Fucus gardneri. Ecology 86:2373-2379.

Dethier, M.N., S.L. Williams and A. Freeman. 2005. Seaweeds under stress: manipulated stress and herbivory affect critical life history functions. Ecological Monographs 75:403-418.

Naylor, R., K. Hindar, I. Fleming, M. Mangel, S.L. Williams, J. Volpe, F. Whoriskey, J. Eagles, and D. Kelso. 2005. Fugitive salmon: assessing risks of escaped fish from netpen aquaculture. BioScience 55:427-437.

Hughes, A.R., L.F. Rodriguez, A.J. Bando, and S.L. Williams. 2004. Relative effects of grazers and nutrients on seagrasses: a meta-analysis approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 282:87-99.

Wright, J.T., S.L. Williams and M.N. Dethier. 2004. No zone is always greener: variation in the performance of Fucus gardneri embryos, juveniles and adults across tidal zone and season. Marine Biology 1145:1061-1073.

Padilla, D.K. and S.L. Williams. 2004. Beyond ballast water: aquarium and ornamental trades as sources of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 2:131-138.

Williams, S.L. and S.L. Schroeder. 2004. Eradication of the invasive seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia by chlorine bleach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 272:69-76.

Ebert, T.E. and S.L. Williams. 2003. Rejoinder to Fourqurean et al. Limnology and Oceanography 48: 2074-2075.

Allen, B.J. and S.L. Williams. 2003. Native eelgrass Zostera marina controls growth and reproduction of an invasive mussel through food limitation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 254:57-67.

Johnson, M., S.L. Williams, C.H. Lieberman, and A. Solbak. 2003. Changes in the abundance of the seagrasses Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) and Ruppia maritima L. (widgeongrass) in San Diego, California following an El Niño event. Estuaries 26:106-115.

Williams, S.L. and E.D. Grosholz. 2002. Preliminary reports from the Caulerpa taxifolia invasion in Southern California. Marine Ecology Progress Series 233:307-310.

Ebert, T.A., S.L. Williams, and P. J. Ewanchuk. 2002. Mortality estimates from age distributions: Critique of a method used to study seagrass dynamics. Limnology & Oceanography 47:600-603.

Coleman, F. and S.L. Williams. 2002. Overexploitation of fish ecosystem engineers: implications for continental shelf communities and management. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 17:40-44.

Naylor, R., S.L. Williams, and D.R. Strong. 2001. Aquaculture- a gateway for exotic species. Science 294:1655-1656.

Williams, S.L. 2001. Reduced genetic diversity in eelgrass transplantations affects both individual and population fitness. Ecological Applications 11:1472-1488.

Williams, S.L. and K.L. Heck, Jr. 2001. Seagrass Communities, p. 317-337. In: M. Bertness, S. Gaines, and M. Hay (eds.), Marine Community Ecology. Sinauer Press, Sunderland, MA.

Cheroske, A.G., S.L. Williams and R. C. Carpenter. 2000. Effects of physical and biological disturbances to Hawaiian algal turf communities. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 248:1-34.

Reusch, T.H.B. and S.L. Williams. 1999. Macrophyte canopy structure and the success of an invasive marine bivalve. Oikos 84:398-416.

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